The United Kingdom is a land steeped in history, and nothing captures the imagination quite like its castles. From towering fortresses perched on windswept cliffs to grand palaces that have witnessed centuries of intrigue, the UK’s castles are a testament to its rich past. If you’re planning a trip and want to step back in time, here are some of the top castles you should consider visiting.
1. Windsor Castle, Berkshire
Let’s begin with the oldest and largest inhabited castle in the world—Windsor Castle. Located in Berkshire, this iconic castle has been the home of British monarchs for over 900 years. Today, it remains an official residence of the Royal Family and is often used for state occasions. Visitors can explore the State Apartments, St. George’s Chapel, and the stunning gardens. Don’t miss the Changing of the Guard ceremony, a quintessential British experience.
2. Edinburgh Castle, Scotland
Perched atop Castle Rock, Edinburgh Castle dominates the skyline of Scotland’s capital city. This historic fortress has played a pivotal role in Scottish history, from royal residences to military strongholds. Inside, you’ll find the Crown Jewels of Scotland, the Stone of Destiny, and the National War Museum. The views from the castle’s ramparts offer a breathtaking panorama of the city below. Visit during the Edinburgh Military Tattoo in August for an unforgettable experience.
3. Warwick Castle, Warwickshire
Warwick Castle is a medieval marvel located in the heart of England. Originally built by William the Conqueror in 1068, this castle has been meticulously preserved and turned into an immersive experience for visitors. Explore the grand interiors, climb the towers, and take a walk through the landscaped gardens. Warwick Castle also offers a range of activities, from jousting tournaments to falconry displays, making it a fantastic destination for families.
4. Caernarfon Castle, Wales
Caernarfon Castle is one of the most impressive medieval castles in Wales. Located on the banks of the River Seiont, this castle was built by King Edward I as part of his campaign to conquer Wales. Its massive walls and polygonal towers make it a striking sight. The castle is also famous as the site of Prince Charles’s investiture as Prince of Wales in 1969. Explore the Eagle Tower, walk along the battlements, and take in the stunning views of the surrounding landscape.
5. Bodiam Castle, East Sussex
Bodiam Castle is often described as the quintessential medieval castle, and it’s easy to see why. Surrounded by a wide moat and featuring a picturesque silhouette of turrets and battlements, Bodiam looks like something out of a fairy tale. Built in the 14th century to defend against French invasion during the Hundred Years’ War, the castle is now a serene and atmospheric ruin. Visitors can explore the castle’s interior, cross the moat via a wooden bridge, and enjoy a peaceful walk around the grounds.
6. Stirling Castle, Scotland
Stirling Castle is one of Scotland’s most important historical sites, sitting atop a volcanic rock and overlooking the River Forth. This castle was a favorite residence of Scottish kings and queens, including Mary, Queen of Scots. The castle’s grand halls, ornate chapels, and beautiful gardens have been carefully restored to reflect their Renaissance glory. A visit to Stirling Castle offers a deep dive into Scotland’s rich history, with engaging exhibits and stunning views from the castle walls.
7. Leeds Castle, Kent
Leeds Castle, often referred to as “the loveliest castle in the world,” is set on two islands in a lake in Kent. With a history dating back to the 12th century, Leeds Castle has been a Norman stronghold, a royal residence, and even a private home. Today, it’s a popular tourist destination with beautifully preserved interiors, extensive gardens, a maze, and a bird of prey center. The castle’s idyllic setting makes it a perfect spot for a leisurely day out.
8. Dover Castle, Kent
Dover Castle, known as the “Key to England,” has been guarding the English Channel for over 900 years. This formidable fortress has a fascinating history, from its origins in the 12th century to its role in World War II. Explore the medieval Great Tower, where you can experience what life was like in King Henry II’s court. The castle also features secret wartime tunnels, which played a crucial role during the Dunkirk evacuation. The views across the Channel from the castle’s ramparts are nothing short of spectacular.
9. Alnwick Castle, Northumberland
Alnwick Castle is one of the largest inhabited castles in England and has been home to the Percy family for over 700 years. The castle is renowned for its stunning architecture, beautiful gardens, and rich history. It has also gained fame as a filming location, most notably as Hogwarts in the Harry Potter films. Visitors can explore the opulent state rooms, take part in broomstick training, and wander through the magnificent gardens designed by Capability Brown.
10. Cardiff Castle, Wales
Cardiff Castle is a unique blend of Roman fort, medieval fortress, and Victorian Gothic mansion, located in the heart of Wales’s capital city. The castle’s history spans over 2,000 years, and its interiors are among the most lavish in the UK. Highlights include the ornate Arab Room, the magnificent Banqueting Hall, and the atmospheric Norman Keep. The castle also hosts a variety of events throughout the year, including concerts, festivals, and medieval re-enactments.
The castles of the UK are more than just historical landmarks—they are windows into the past, offering a glimpse into the lives of kings, queens, knights, and warriors. Whether you’re exploring the grand halls of Windsor Castle, standing on the windswept battlements of Edinburgh Castle, or wandering the fairy-tale grounds of Bodiam Castle, each visit is a journey through time.